User:SjorskingmaWikistad/Sofasian

Sofasian or Iaeth Sofasye is a language spoken in parts of Lovia, especially by the inhabitants of Clymene and in particular the inhabitants of Sofasi. Sofasian vocabulary derives from Welsh and English, but the grammar tends to Dutch and German, but is highly affected by Latin and Greek grammar, since Sofasian used to lack a real grammar, and was more a dialect. It is partly synthetic, because Sofasian linguists wrote a standard grammar in the 1920s and 1930s, inventing standard rules that Sofasian first didn't have.

Sofasian is a fusional language, tending to be agglutinative. Sofasian is spoken as mother language by approximately 2000 to 2100 people, and about 8000 people are able to understand it, but don't speak it. Sofasian has cases, and declension. There is no strict word order, but the order SUBJECT-OBJECT-VERB is most common in normal speak.

Clymenish and Clymenespeak
A group of Welsh immigrants immigrated to Clymene in the late 1900s, and spoke a dialect of Welsh with a grammar partly borrowed from English. This language, known as Clymenish, became popular by non-Welsh immigrants in Clymene, who wanted to feel more autonomous from the rest of Lovia. Dutch, Danish, German, Italian and English influenced Clymenish, and a sort of dialect of English was born, called Clymenespeak. This "language" was more a kind of slang of th original Clymenis, and lacked written grammar rules.

Written grammar
In the 1930s and 1940s Dutch and German immigrants influenced the dialect again, and Clymenespeak developed towards a real language, falling back in the original Clymenish grammar, and beginning to be not understandable for English Lovians anymore. A standard grammar, partly filled with invented grammar rules, was written by Clymenish linguists. Since then, the grammar and vocabulary was set, and the language almost stopped developing. The grammar and vocab of today is almost the same.

Short overview
Sofasion has cases, and makes use of declenson. There are six cases. The verbs are all regular, except from to be (phesen) and to have (bod). There are no genders, and articles can be emitted if the speaker prefers to. There are three main tenses: past, present and future.

Cases
Sofasian has six cases (nominative, genitive, dative, accusative and ablative), of which the dative includes the two other standard cases of Indo-European languages (locative and instrumentalis).


 * The nominative case, which corresponds to English's subjective case, indicates the subject of a finite verb:
 * We went to the store.
 * The accusative case, which together with the dative and ablative cases (below) corresponds to English's objective case, indicates the direct object of a verb:
 * The clerk remembered us.
 * The dative case indicates the indirect object of a verb:
 * The clerk gave [to] us a discount.
 * The ablative case indicates movement from something, and/or cause:
 * The victim went from us to see the doctor.
 * ''He was unhappy because of depression.
 * The genitive case, which corresponds to English's possessive case, indicates the possessor of another noun:
 * John's book was on the table.''
 * The vocative case indicates an addressee:
 * John, are you O.K.? or Hey John, are you O.K.?
 * The locative case indicates a location:
 * We live in China.
 * The instrumental case indicates an object used in performing an action:
 * We wiped the floor with a mop.

Articles
The Sofasian language has two particles: an indefinite on and a definite one.

The definite article
The Sofasian definite article is analogous to the English definite article the. Like the, the Sofasian definite article is used with a noun referring to a specific item when both the speaker and the audience know what the item is; so, "dae hos". Unlike the, the Sofasian definite article is also used with mass nouns and plural nouns with generic interpretation, and with abstract nouns. For example:


 * Ech haltù dae melch ("I like milk.")
 * Ech haltù dae búke ("I like novels.")
 * Dae kaptalism transphormè daes chantr ("Capitalism transforms this country.")

The definite article is always dae in Sofasian.

The indefinite article
The Sofasian indefinite article is analogous to the English indefinite article a/an. Like a/an, the Sofasian indefinite article is used with a noun referring to a non-specific item, or to a specific item when the speaker and audience do not both know what the item is; so, Ech brekùth ae char coch ("I broke a red chair"). The indefinite article is always ae.